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It is very important to perform magnetostatic analysis accurately and efficiently when it comes to multi-objective optimization of designs of electromagnetic devices, particularly for inductors, transformers, and electric motors. A kernel free boundary integral method (KFBIM) was studied for analyzing 2D magnetostatic problems. Although KFBIM is accurate and computationally efficient, sharp corners can be a major problem for KFBIM. In this paper, an inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based geometry reconstruction is explored to overcome this challenge for smoothening sharp corners. A toroidal inductor core with an airgap (C-core) is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach for addressing the sharp corner problem. A numerical example demonstrates that the method works for the variable coefficient PDE. In addition, magnetostatic analysis for homogeneous and nonhomogeneous material is presented for the reconstructed geometry, and results carried out using KFBIM are compared with the results of FEM analysis for the original geometry to show the differences and the potential of the proposed method. 

The flow in a Hele-Shaw cell with a time-increasing gap poses a unique shrinking interface problem. When the upper plate of the cell is lifted perpendicularly at a prescribed speed, the exterior less viscous fluid penetrates the interior more viscous fluid, which generates complex, time-dependent interfacial patterns through the Saffman–Taylor instability. The pattern formation process sensitively depends on the lifting speed and is still not fully understood. For some lifting speeds, such as linear or exponential speed, the instability is transient and the interface eventually shrinks as a circle. However, linear stability analysis suggests there exist shape invariant shrinking patterns if the gap $b(t)$ is increased more rapidly: $b(t)=\left (1-({7}/{2})\tau \mathcal {C} t\right )^{-{2}/{7}}$ , where $\tau$ is the surface tension and $\mathcal {C}$ is a function of the interface perturbation mode $k$ . Here, we use a spectrally accurate boundary integral method together with an efficient time adaptive rescaling scheme, which for the first time makes it possible to explore the nonlinear limiting dynamical behaviour of a vanishing interface. When the gap is increased at a constant rate, our numerical results quantitatively agree with experimental observations (Nase et al. , Phys. Fluids , vol. 23, 2011, 123101). When we use the shape invariant gap $b(t)$ , our nonlinear results reveal the existence of $k$ -fold dominant, one-dimensional, web-like networks, where the fractal dimension is reduced to almost unity at late times. We conclude by constructing a morphology diagram for pattern selection that relates the dominant mode $k$ of the vanishing interface and the control parameter $\mathcal {C}$ . 

Switched reluctance motors (SRM) have been seen as a potential candidate for automotive, aerospace as well as domestic applications and High-Rotor pole SRM (HR-SRM) present a significant advancement in this area. This machine configuration offers most of the the benefits offered by conventional SRMs and has shown significant benefits in efficiency and torque quality. However, HR-SRM has a narrower inductance profile with a lower saliency ratio as compared to a conventional SRM with an identical stator. This can make it inherently challenging to directly adopt mathematical models and sensorless control approaches currently in use. This paper presents a time-efficient analytical model for the characterization of a 6/10 SRM using an inductance model utilizing truncated Fourier series as well as multi-order polynomial curve-fitting algorithm. The inductance model is extended to accurately predict back-EMF and electromagnetic torque response towards obtaining a comprehensive model for every operating point of the machine during dynamic operation. The effectiveness of the proposed concept has analyzed for a prototype machine and verified using Finite Element Analysis (FEA).